Answer:
(European) goldsmiths
Explanation:
European goldsmiths (Italian goldsmiths were the first) formulated a principle that only 5% of deposits were needed in reserve at any particular time, therefore they could lend 95% of the gold they held in deposit.
Goldsmiths would rent space in their vaults that allowed other people to keep their gold in a safe place. That led to transactions were notes indicating the amount of gold deposited would be traded instead of trading gold itself.
Eventually goldsmiths discovered that they could trade (lend) more money than the amount of gold they held in deposits, inventing fractional reserve banking.
When identical units of an item are purchased at different costs: <span>an inventory cost flow method must be used under both a perpetual and a periodic inventory system.
A perpetual inventory system will update your inventory on hand after each sale or purchase of inventory is made. A periodic inventory system is updated periodically, meaning, a company will give a time period they would like their sales and purchases to update in and the system will perform that. Both systems are great for a business but it's their option of how they are generated.
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Nothing the payments will cease.
Payments:
For the balance of the annuitant's life, a straight or pure life annuity will provide a set sum of income. Regardless of the amount of unpaid principal, this payment will end at death. There are no compensation or refunds made to survivors.
The beneficiary will receive the amount placed into the plan or the cash value, whichever is larger, if the annuitant passes away before the payment term.
Banknotes and coins (cash), deposits, and credit on an account with a financial institution or a comparable entity that can be run using payment instruments are all considered means of payment.
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