Lots of random acts/laws were put into place to make things hard for southern blacks. For example, literacy tests and fees to be able to vote were instituted in some states as blatant ways to stop blacks from voting.
Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution in China in response to what he and other Chines viewed as social encroachments from the west that were threatening the Chinese way of life.
Need for industry--the War of 1812 demonstrated the US dependence on Great Britain for manufactured goods.
Following the War of 1812 and experiences with blockades and embargoes, the US came to the realization they could not be self-sufficient and were dependent on Great Britain for manufacturing. The US government began to invest in industry and infrastructure as well as banking to launch an industrial system. Farming remained important but as a piece of the entire economic system.