<h2>(A) is the correct option </h2>
Explanation:
- Hydrothermal vents, also known as deep sea vents are the aftermath of a volcanic eruption due to shifting of the plates that form the Earth’s crust
- Black smokers are formed due to the high pressure at this depth and temperature of the trapped water because of which there is low oxygen content of water
- The black smokers emit fluids and causing it to emit chemicals such as sulfide, iron, copper and zinc
- Barophiles are organisms whose survival and reproduction is optimized to high pressures, such as those in deep sea environments
- Psychrophiles are microorganisms that can grow at 0 °C and below, have an optimum growth temperature close to 15 °C, and usually do not survive at temperatures above 20 °C
- They are found in permanently cold environments such as the deep waters of the oceans and because they are active at low temperature, psychrophiles are important decomposers in cold climates
Option B)
They prevent most of the Sun's rays from reaching Earth, thereby preventing Earth from heating up
Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions against a concentration gradient. Passive transport is the movement of molecules or ions from an area of higher to lower concentration.
Passive transport does NOT require energy
-Diffusion - small uncharged molecules
-Osmosis - water
-Facilitated diffusion - glucose
Active transport REQUIRES energy
-Ion pumps
-Endocytosis
-Exocytosis
the most often the start of a scientific investigation. is observation
