What can be used to determine the relative age of two rocks?
2 answers:
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Answer :
(A) ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative → (2) Spontaneous in reverse at all temperatures
(B) ΔH is positive and ΔS is positive → (3) Spontaneous as written above a certain temperature
(C) ΔH is negative and ΔS is positive → (1) Spontaneous as written at all temperatures
(D) ΔH negative and ΔS is negative → (4) Spontaneous as written below a certain temperature
Explanation :
According to Gibb's equation:
= Gibbs free energy
= enthalpy change
= entropy change
T = temperature in Kelvin
As we know that:
= +ve, reaction is non spontaneous
= -ve, reaction is spontaneous
= 0, reaction is in equilibrium
(A) ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative.
The reaction is non-spontaneous at all temperatures or spontaneous in reverse at all temperatures.
(B) ΔH is positive and ΔS is positive.
(at low temperature) (non-spontaneous)
(at high temperature) (spontaneous)
The reaction is spontaneous as written above a certain temperature.
(C) ΔH is negative and ΔS is positive.
The reaction is spontaneous as written at all temperatures
(D) ΔH is negative and ΔS is negative.
(at high temperature) (non-spontaneous)
(at low temperature) (spontaneous)
The reaction is spontaneous as written below a certain temperature.
Solution :
According to Henry's law of solubility, we have c = kp
Henry's law constant,
= 0.0007 mol/L.atm
When the pressure is = 4 atm
The solubility is c = 0.0007 mol/(L.atm) x 4 atm
= 0.0028 mol/L
Therefore, in a 5 liter of blood, the moles of nitrogen dissolved
= 0.0028 x 5
= 0.014 moles
At the surface, the solubility is = 0.00056 mol/L
So the moles of the nitrogen dissolved = 5 x 0.00056
= 0.0028 moles
Therefore, the number of moles of nitrogen released = 0.014 - 0.0028
= 0.0112 moles
Given total pressure = 1 atm
Temperature = 37 degree C
= 37 + 273
= 310 K
R =
Therefore, volume of the nitrogen is
= 0.285 L