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mina [271]
3 years ago
11

How to find the smallest distance between two lines?

Mathematics
1 answer:
Lostsunrise [7]3 years ago
4 0
Consider two lines in space `1 and `2 such that `1 passes through point P1 and is parallel to vector ~v1 and `2 passes through P2 and is parallel to ~v2. We want to compute the smallest distance D between the two lines.
If the two lines intersect, then it is clear that D = 0. If they do not intersect and are parallel, then D corresponds to the distance between point P2 and line `1 and is given by D = k−−−→ P1P2 ×~v1k k~v1k . Assume the lines are not parallel and do not intersect (skew lines) and let ~n = ~v1 ×~v2 be a vector perpendicular to both lines. The norm of the projection of vector −−−→ P1P2 over ~n will give us D, i.e., D = |−−−→ P1P2 ·~n| k~nk . Example Consider the two lines `1 : x = 0, y =−t, z = t and `2 : x = 1+2s, y = s, z =−3s. It is easy to see that the two lines are skew. Let P1 = (0,0,0), ~v1 = (0,−1,1), P2 = (1,0,0), and ~v2 = (2,1,−3). Then, −−−→ P1P2 = (1,0,0) and ~n = ~v1 ×~v2 = (2,2,2). We then get D = |−−−→ P1P2 ·~n| k~nk = 1 √3. Observe that the problem can also by solved with Calculus. Consider the problem of minimizing the Euclidean distance between two points on `1 and `2. Let Q1 = (x1,y1,z1) and Q2 = (x2,y2,z2) be arbitrary points on `1 and `2, and let F(s,t) = (x2 −x1)2 +(y2 −y1)2 +(z2 −z1)2 = (1+2s)2 +(s + t)2 +(−3s−t)2 = 14s2 +2t2 +8st +4s+1. Note that F(s,t) corresponds to the square of the Euclidean distance between Q1 and Q2. Let’s nd the critical points of F. Fs(s,t) = 28s+8t +4 = 0 Ft(s,t) = 4t +8s = 0 By solving the linear system, we nd that the unique critical point is (s0,t0) = (−1/3,2/3). Since the Hessian matrix of F, H =Fss Fst Fts Ftt=28 8 8 4, is positive denite, the critical point corresponds to the absolute minimum of F over all (s,t)∈R2. The minimal distance between the two lines is then D =pF(s0,t0) = 1 √3.
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5 0
2 years ago
-9 a que conjunto pertenece -4/4 a que conjunto pertenece -5.124 a que conjunto pertenece rapidoo pls
Hunter-Best [27]

Answer:

-9 al conjunto de los números enteros.

-4/4 pertenece a los enteros.

-5.124 pertenece al conjunto de los racionales

Step-by-step explanation:

En esta pregunta, básicamente lo que debes hacer es clasificar cada uno de los números de acuerdo al conjunto numérico. Como podrás ver en la foto 1, tienes una representación gráfica de los conjuntos numéricos existentes.

Los números naturales (N), comprenden desde el 1 hasta el infinito.

Los números enteros (Z) comprenden los negativos, el cero y todos los naturales.

Finalmente los números racionales (Q) comprenden los números enteros, los naturales y también fracciones y números decimales.

De acuerdo a estas definiciones y la foto, podemos observar que todos los números dados acá pertenecen al conjunto general de los racionales (Q), pero veamos ahora específicamente a cual:

El número -9 (o el 9) si es negativo, pertenece a los enteros; si es positivo sería entero y natural.

El número -4/4 es una fracción, que al ser dividida da como resultado el número -1, y este pertenece a los enteros.

El número -5.124 (o 5.124) es un número decimal finito, por lo que proviene de una fracción, asi que pertenece a los números racionales.

Espero que esto te ayude.

6 0
3 years ago
Help help help help
nikitadnepr [17]

Answer:

m=25w+80

Step-by-step explanation:

m=money

w=weeks

280-130=150

150/6=25 this is how much she earns per week

25*2=50 this is how much she earned in two weeks

130-50=80 this is how much she had before she worked

m=25w+80

plug in to check:

(25*2)+80=130

(25*8)+80=280

4 0
2 years ago
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