Answer:
closed stratification system.
Explanation:
Social stratification system is defined as a system through which a particular society tends to rank different categories of individuals hierarchically. Therefore, the stratification system is considered as either open or closed.
Closed stratification system: It is referred to as a system that allows a very little change or alteration in the "social position". In other words, it states that an individual gets a little or no chance of moving towards another level in a particular society and therefore a person in the same society or place where he or she has been born.
In the question above, the given statement signifies the "closed stratification system".
<span>Clifford believed that it is always wrong to believe anything without sufficient evidence. James stated that we can often benefit from beliefs, even if we don't have proof, so we should sometimes rely on faith.</span>
Answer:
Liberty and equality
Explanation:
Samuel Adams and other American revolutionaries saw republicanism as a way of life and a core ideology that was uncompromisingly committed to liberty and equality.
In the Treaty of Versailles, Germany lost territory, was forced to pay huge reparations (payments by a defeated country for the destruction it caused in a war), was forced to take responsibility for the war through the War Guilt clause, and forced to demilitarize or greatly reduce their military.