The amount of light. He is testing the effects of light, which implies there will be different amounts of light tested to reach a conclusion.
There are a number of amino acids that have formed under certain environmental conditions if the required elements are present and the energy conditions ar compatible with chemical assembly. These conditions have also allegedly formed amino acids on meteors, asteroids and comets.
But, amino acids are a very minor component of more complex biochemical assemblies required for life. Pentose sugars are also required, which form under different environmental conditions than amino acids. More importantly, only left-handed homochiral amino acids and right-handed homochiral sugars can form functioning biochemical assemblies that are viable in an organism. But, natural conditions, like hydrothermal vents only produce racemic versions of sugars and acids, meaning they are always approx. 50% left and right handed. This is fatal to forming viable biochemical assemblies.
Further, it is not possible for all of the 20+ homochiral amino acids needed for a living organism to form naturally. The only ones found have been the simpler amino acids. Also, the 4 critical nucleotide amino acids, C, G, A, T, do not form naturally, are not homochiral, nor in the right proportions.
The geo/hydrothermal vent conjecture is nonsensical. These are open systems, susceptible to currents, mineral contamination, salinity, ph, and temperature, making them a totally unacceptable environment for the precise and exact placement of elements to assemble to form life.
metals (left side of periodic table) become positive ions so calcium would be the answer
Answer/Explanation: On Mercury temperatures can get as hot as 430 degrees Celsius during the day and as cold as -180 degrees Celsius at night.
Mercury is the planet in our solar system that sits closest to the sun. The distance between Mercury and the sun ranges from 46 million kilometers to 69.8 million kilometers. The earth sits at a comfy 150 million kilometers. This is one reason why it gets so hot on Mercury during the day.
The other reason is that Mercury has a very thin and unstable atmosphere. At a size about a third of the earth and with a mass (what we on earth see as ‘weight’) that is 0.05 times as much as the earth, Mercury just doesn’t have the gravity to keep gases trapped around it, creating an atmosphere. Due to the high temperature, solar winds, and the low gravity (about a third of earth’s gravity), gases keep escaping the planet, quite literally just blowing away.
Atmospheres can trap heat, that’s why it can still be nice and warm at night here on earth.
Mercury’s atmosphere is too thin, unstable and close to the sun to make any notable difference in the temperature.
Space is cold. Space is very cold. So cold in fact, that it can almost reach absolute zero, the point where molecules stop moving (and they always move). In space, the coldest temperature you can get is 2.7 Kelvin, about -270 degrees Celsius.
Sunlight reflected from other planets and moons, gases that move through space, the very thin atmosphere and the surface of Mercury itself are the main reasons that temperatures on Mercury don’t get lower than about -180 °C at night.
