Observational research is required to be conducted if someone wants to see whether, when seated next to their closest friends in the cafeteria, students were more likely to spill ketchup on themselves or not.
Moreo about Observational research:
In observational research, people and phenomena are observed in their most natural environments. Instead of using organised environments like study labs or focus groups, this allows researchers to observe how their participants make decisions and respond to circumstances in their everyday lives.
The study of non-experimental circumstances in which behaviour is observed and noted is referred to as observational research. The phrase "what really is going on or what's he doing" could also be used. The variables are neither controlled nor manipulated, hence the study is categorised as non-experimental.
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In the 1990 Supreme Court case United States v. Eichman, that law was struck down by the same five person majority of justices as in Texas v. Johnson (in an opinion also written by Justice William Brennan). Since then, Congress has considered the Flag Desecration Amendment several times.
You traveled in the direction of east
The person given credit for the first modern atomic theory was John Dalton. For him, all of the objects present is made up of atoms and that these atoms cannot be destroyed and divided. Also, in this theory, compounds are made up of having two or more atoms that are combined. Although this has been the very first and old theory, it is still valid in modern chemistry.
I would say that your answer is b. to persuade. Hope this helps and have a nice day!