Answer:
step 1: mRNA attaches to the ribosome
step 2: tRNA's attach to free amino acids in the cytoplasmic "pool" of amino acids
step 3: tRNA carries its specific amino acid to the ribosome
step 4: tRNA "delivers" its amino acid based on complementary pairing of a triplet code (anticodon) with the triplet code (codon) of the mRNA
step 5: Enzyme "hooks" the amino acid to the last one in the chain forming a peptide bond
step 6: Protein chain continues to grow as each tRNA brings in its amino acid and adds it to the chain
Energy cannot be destroyed
Answer:
The mentioned case is an illustration of the missense mutation. A missense mutation is a kind of nonsynonymous substitution, that is, it is a mutation in which a variation in a solitary nucleotide leads to the formation of a codon, which encrypts for a distinct kind of amino acid.
When a missense mutation takes place within a DNA, a modification in one of the RNA codon sequences results at the time of transcription. This change in codon will ultimately result in the formation of a different amino acid, which gets presented within a protein at the time of translation. Like in the given case, a change in codon resulted in the substitution of the amino acid tyrosine with an amino acid cysteine.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which is what makes plants green. Onions are not green because they do not contain chloroplasts. The reason they do not have chloroplasts is because in the chloroplast, photosynthesis takes place. A key player in the process of photosynthesis is the sun. The onion itself grows underground which means while they grow they do not come into contact with the sun so chloroplasts in an onion is pointless since they can’t undergo photosynthesis. Hope I helped!
