What is the composition of earths atmosphere

1 answer:

7 0

The earth's atmosphere consists mainly of nitrogen and oxygen with smaller proportions of other gases such as carbon dioxide. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is maintained through a balance between processes such as photosynthesis, respiration and combustion. However this balance is being affected by human activities which are polluting the atmosphere.

The proportion of these gases in the atmosphere is as follows: nitrogen is the most abundant at 78%, oxygen is next at 21%, while others include carbon dioxide at 0.037% and argon at 0.9 % .

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Induction of peripheral tolerance in T cells: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the s

oee [108]

Answer:

can be caused by interaction with MHC/peptide in the absence of costimulation

Explanation:

T cells represent a class of white blood cells (lymphocytes) that have a major role in the adaptive immunity of the organism against specific pathogens. Peripheral tolerance is a type of immunological tolerance aimed at ensuring B and T cells that escaped from the central tolerance mechanism do not produce autoimmune diseases. Some populations of lymph node cells can induce peripheral tolerance in T helper cells (Th cells, CD4+ cells) by the presentation of peptide-MHCII (major histocompatibility complex type II) complexes acquired from dendritic cells. These dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that play a key role in adaptive immunity, which are well-known to induce CD4 and CD8 T cell tolerance in response to antigens (peptides/proteins).

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The duplication of DNA is called ________, the copying of DNA to mRNA is called ________, and the reading of the mRNA by the cel

irga5000 [103]

Answer:

The duplication of DNA is called replication, the copying of DNA to mRNA is called transcription, and the reading of the mRNA by the cell to make a protein is called translation.

Explanation:

Replication is the gradual, repetitive, bidirectional, antiparallel and semi-conservative process; whereby the DNA is duplicated, guaranteeing the availability of a copy of the genome of the stem cell, for each of the daughter cells, in other words, it is the mechanism that allows the DNA to duplicate (that is, synthesize an identical copy of itself).

Transcription is the process by which the genes found in the chromosome DNA are selectively located, recognized and transcribed, producing mRNA, ribosomal (structural) and transfer RNA (adapters).

Messenger RNA is the one that carries the information for protein synthesis, that is, it determines the order in which the amino acids will bind. Translation is the process by which protein synthesis occurs, by decoding or reading the message of (mRNA).

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3 years ago

When we look at islands across the planet (think the islands of the galápagos and hawaii) we see that there are a remarkable num

Simora [160]

There are number of endemic species, because island isolation promotes allopatric speciation and the latter occurs when species become separated from each other to the level that prevents genetic recombination.

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Which characteristic contributes MOST to the survival of the different birds on the islands?

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The main food sources of the birds( the plentiful recourses within the environment occupied by the species)

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3 years ago

Which of the following best explains the flow of energy in this food web?

Gnoma [55]

Answer:

Plants → Grasshopper → Snake → Mushrooms

Explanation:

Read it from the sun, then it points to the grass, then grasshopper, then snake, then mushroom.

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2 years ago