Question

Which statements about the modification of chromatin structure in eukaryotes are true?

Answer 1

Answer:

All of the statements are correct  except 6. (Deacetylation of histone tails in chromatin loosens the association between nucleosomes and DNA)

Explanation:

Chromatin structure and its modifications can change the package of the DNA and consequently, alter the gene expression. The most common modifications of the chromatin are covalent modifications such as acetylation/deacetylation (by acetyltransferases and eacetylases), methylation (by methyltransferases), and phosphorylation (by kinases).  This is the way of gene expression regulation.

The effects of modifications are different, for example methylation promotes  condensation of the chromatin and as a consequence, prevents binding of transcription factors to the DNA (transcription is repressed).

Acetylation loosens the association between nucleosomes and DNA (because it neutralizes the positive charge of histones) and consequently promotes transcription. Deacetylation is a process opposite to acetylation.