Answer:
King Leopold II treated the Congo as his personal property and exploited the country for slave labor, rubber, and ivory. The Belgian Congo was established in 1908 after the international community pressured the Belgian government to annex the country and take it out of the king's hands. Conditions in Belgian Congo improved as the Belgian government supported education and established trade. Nevertheless, the people of the Congo increased their demands for independence.
Answer: Was crowned pope on Christmas Day, A.D. 800 / united a vast realm under the Christian faith.
Explanation:
Some historians consider Charlemagne to be one of the most significant figures of medieval Europe. Due to his military and political influences, he became the most influential figure in Western Europe. In so doing, the term "Christian Empire" he uses has become synonymous with the entire Christian West, in opposition to the Byzantine Empire. By his coronation, Charlemagne became the patron saint of the whole Christian West and the papacy. Its impact is enormous in all fields of life. His inauguration was boycotted by Byzantium, leading to war. The war ended in Aachen in 812, and Byzantium thus had to acknowledge Charles's imperial rule.
Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world and share a historical and traditional connection, with some major theological differences. The two faiths share a common place of origin in the Middle East, and consider themselves to be monotheistic.
The effect of the spread of Islam was an increase in trade. Unlike early Christianity, Muslims were not reluctant to engage in trade and profit; Muhammad himself was a merchant. As new areas were drawn into the orbit of Islamic civilisation, the new religion provided merchants with a safe context for trade. The application of sharia—Islamic law derived from the Koran—ensured a certain measure of uniformity in the application of criminal justice. Sharia law protected commerce and imposed stiff punishments for theft and dishonesty. Muslim jurists called qadis were established to resolve disputes through the application of sharia. Merchants were thus provided with a forum for making complaints and having them resolved in a consistent and systematic way. Trade and travel were not as risky or perilous as before and both thrived with the coming of Islam.
Byzantines did play a role in the first crusade as they allowed the crusaders to pass through their territory, but provided no support.
The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first in a line of crusades, or religious warfare, that the Latin Church of the Middle Ages started, encouraged, and occasionally oversaw. The Holy Land's liberation from Islamic dominion was the goal. Jerusalem had been governed by Muslims for hundreds of years, but by the 11th century, the Seljuk invasion of the area threatened the Byzantine Empire as well as the local Christian communities and Western pilgrimages. The Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos requested military assistance from the Council of Piacenza in 1095 so that his kingdom might fight the Seljuk-led Turks. This was the first crusade initiative.
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