Answer:
Explanation:
Oxygen gas and water must be present for iron to rust.
A region of the metal’s surface serves as the anode, where oxidation
occurs:
Fe(s) → Fe²⁺ (aq) + 2 e⁻
The electrons given up by iron reduce atmospheric oxygen to water at the cathode, which is another region of the same metal’s surface:
O₂ (g) + 4H⁺ (aq) + 4 e⁻ → 2 H₂O (l)
The overall redox reaction is:
2 Fe(s) + O₂(g) → 4H⁺(aq) + 2Fe²⁺ (aq) + 2 H₂O(l)
The Fe²⁺ ions formed at the anode are further oxidized by oxygen:
4 Fe²⁺ (aq) + O₂(g) 1 (4 + 2x) H₂O (l) → 2 Fe₂O₃ . xH₂O(s) + 8 H⁺(aq)
This hydrated form of iron(III) oxide is known as rust. The amount of water associated with the iron oxide varies, so we represent the formula as 2 Fe₂O₃ . xH₂O.
This potential is then used to drive ATP synthase and produce ATP from ADP and a phosphate group. Biology textbooks often state that 38 ATP molecules can be made per oxidised glucose molecule during cellular respiration (2 from glycolysis, 2 from the Krebs cycle, and about 34 from the electron transport system).
Answer: The food chain
Explanation: It is important to have a large number of producers and herbivores in an ecosystem because of the food chain. Without producers the herbivores would have no food. and without the herbivors the carnivores would have no food.
