Well, what i think the answer would be is 2. the universities did not offer enough classes.
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Hitler's blunders contributed to the allied victory; ex, withholding the Panzer reserves away from local control of Rommel prior to the Normandy invasions. His stance of not retreating, led to the debacle of the Falaise pocket which destroyed many of his best divisions in the west, among them the 12th SS, Panzer Lehr, and others. Hope this helps.
The Atlantic slave trade had a negative impact on the African societies and long term impoverishment of the west Africans. For some it intensified effects already present among its rulers and kingdoms
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Transcendentalism is an American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century, centered around Ralph Waldo Emerson. Other important transcendentalists were Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, Amos Bronson Alcott, Frederic Henry Hedge, and Theodore Parker. Stimulated by English and German Romanticism, the Biblical criticism of Herder and Schleiermacher, and the skepticism of Hume, the transcendentalists operated with the sense that a new era was at hand. They were critics of their contemporary society for its unthinking conformity, and urged that each person find, in Emerson's words, “an original relation to the universe” (O, 3). Emerson and Thoreau sought this relation in solitude amidst nature, and in their writing. By the 1840s they, along with other transcendentalists, were engaged in the social experiments of Brook Farm, Fruitlands, and Walden; and, by the 1850s in an increasingly urgent critique of American slavery.
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