Answer:
One significant problem was political corruption and cronyism, fuelled by the connectio s between government and business. During the Gilded age , the United States endured a number of mediocre president and politicians, many of whom were in the pocket of business tycoons or corporations.
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I think the correct one is the first, personification
The real meaning of euphemism friendly fire is term in military bases means accidentally attacking your own military unit hope this helps :)