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During the Ming Period (1368–1644), traditional values and conservative thinking produced generations of court painters, but artistic exploration was also supported outside the court.
The Qing Period (1644–1912) produced outstanding artists and artistic techniques, despite increasing conservatism. Schools of painting emerged, based on locations such as Yangzhou and Nanjing.
With the emergence of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 came an entirely new aesthetic, dictated by the government and based on the art of the Soviet Union. Later artists, however, have embraced contemporary and abstract artistic ideals of the West.
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Sumer was responsible for many inventions and important contributions to inventions of both the time and today. However, Sumerian city-states often fought with each other. They went to war for glory and more territory. This power - hungry people build walls to protect from invading armies looking to loot, pillage, and grow wealthy. The walls surrounded each city - state, closing them off from the rest of Mesopotamia. This lead to isolation, and more war. The city - states were constantly in a state of unrest.
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<span>Early European explorers to the Americas likely experienced emotions including awe at the vast "new" environment, amazement at meeting "others," the thrill of the unknown, concern for personal safety, desire for personal reward, and longing for their homeland and those left behind. Written and pictorial records attributed to Europeans provide the bulk of the records of these early travels. Impressions of natives as well as Native impressions of Europeans are frequently framed in the narratives of the explorers. Examination of these records indicates the cautious and curious nature of first encounters.</span>
China and Japan are geographically separated only by a relatively narrow stretch of ocean. China has strongly influenced Japan with its writing system, architecture, culture, religion, philosophy, and law. When Western countries forced Japan to open trading in the mid-19th century, Japan moved towards modernization (Meiji Restoration), viewing China as an antiquated civilization, unable to defend itself against Western forces in part due to the First and Second Opium Wars along with Anglo-French Expeditions from the 1840s to the 1860s. Japan's long chain of invasions and war crimes in China between 1894 and 1945 as well as modern Japan's attitude towards its past are major issues affecting current Sino-Japanese relations.
It would be "A. Competition" that means that consumers have a wide variety of choices when purchasing goods and <span>services, since producers "compete" to create the best, most affordable products. </span>
