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El período de expansión europea es una era durante la cual los estados europeos gobernaron territorios coloniales en todo el mundo. El origen colonial se inició después de las expediciones cuando se conquistó el Nuevo Continente, gracias al mercantilismo que en ese entonces imperaba como teoría política principal, por la cual se instaba a las potencias europeas a adquirir más y más territorios con el objetivo de explotar estos territorios económicamente. La colonia comenzó poco a poco cuando los europeos establecieron asentamientos en diferentes áreas. Al principio, no tenían los recursos para conquistar los territorios, por lo que hubo comercio con los nativos. Poco a poco, el comercio se convirtió en explotación y, finalmente, a medida que crecían los asentamientos, subyugaron los territorios.
Answer:Increasing globalization is imposing some major challenges on businesses willing to operate overseas. However, International Business is not easy to undertake as it faces several uncertainties, and challenges such as different political environments, cultural diversity, taxation, and other legal barriers.
Great Depression was mostly experienced by most of the countries in the period of 1930. It had demoralizing effects on the economy by dropping levels of the Gross Domestic Product. The personal income, tax revenue had hit the lowest level in the nation.
Giving Over extension of loans by the banks in order to cope the depression was the erroneous federal policy at the time of depression. It also resulted in various other impacts such as people were unable to pay off the loans. This financial disruption made the banks to close.
This led to stocking of money by the people that resulted in the stagnation of the money flow and the loss of confidence to lend and borrow money. This also reduced the value of money causing disequilibrium in the economy.
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As an organized movement, trade unionism (also called organized labor) originated in the 19th century in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States. In many countries trade unionism is synonymous with the term labor movement. Smaller associations of workers started appearing in Britain in the 18th century, but they remained sporadic and short-lived through most of the 19th century, in<u> part because of the hostility they encountered from employers and government groups</u> that resented this new form of political and economic activism. At that time unions and unionists were regularly prosecuted under various restraint-of-trade and conspiracy statutes in both Britain and the United States.
While union organizers in both countries faced similar obstacles, their approaches evolved quite differently: the British movement favored political activism, which led to the formation of the Labor Party in 1906, while <u>American unions pursued collective bargaining as a means of winning economic gains for their workers.</u>
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<u>In the United States the labor movement was also adversely affected by the movement to implement so-called right-to-work laws, which generally prohibited the union shop, a formerly common clause of labor contracts that required workers to join, or pay service fees to, a union as a condition of employment.</u> Right-to-work laws, which had been adopted in more than half of U.S. states and the territory of Guam by the early 21st century, were promoted by economic libertarians, trade associations, and corporate-funded think tanks as necessary to protect the economic liberty and freedom of association of workers. They had the practical effect of weakening collective bargaining and limiting the political activities of unions by depriving them of funds. Certain other states adopted separate legislation to limit or prohibit collective bargaining or the right to strike by public-sector unions. In Janus v. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees (2018), the U.S. Supreme Court held that public employees cannot be required to pay service fees to a union to support its collective-bargaining activities on their behalf.