Esteban's credit card issuing bank charges him an APR of 16% on new purchases, and 24% on
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Morse code is essentially the same as binary. That is, there are two "digits", a dot or a dash.
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. Clearly, we can't just use one dot or dash, since that could only encode 2 letters at the most. We can't use two symbols because that could only encode 4 letters at the most. Similarly, 3 symbols means
letters at most.
We have to select the smallest power of 2 that exceeds or is equal to 26. In this case,
, so we would have to use up to 5 symbols to encode each letter in the alphabet.
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. Clearly, we can't just use one dot or dash, since that could only encode 2 letters at the most. We can't use two symbols because that could only encode 4 letters at the most. Similarly, 3 symbols means
We have to select the smallest power of 2 that exceeds or is equal to 26. In this case,