Answer:
Oxidation of NADH by electron transport chain ensures a continuous supply of NAD+ for glycolysis.
Explanation:
To continue the process of glycolysis, cells must have a continuous supply of NAD+ which is required during one of the reactions of the payoff phase of glycolysis. Two molecules of NADH are formed per glucose molecule during glycolysis. The NADH gives its electrons to the terminal electron acceptors (O2) via electron transport chain. This ensures that the process of glycolysis is continued in cells to breakdown the glucose into pyruvate.
Answer:
frameshift mutation (i think)
Explanation:
because it messes up the whole strand by deleting or inserting a base. honestly not 100% sure so take this with a grain of salt lol
Answer:
Transcription, mRNA (processing, transport, localization and stability), translation.
Explanation:
- Transcription is regulated in two levels, though chromatin regulation (methylation and acetylation) to loose or increase histone's affinity to DNA and through cis and trans elements such as promoters, enhancers, and silencers (cis) to active/deactivate and RNA polymerase and transcription factors and co-factors (trans).
- mRNA can be regulated using poly-A tails or 5'-caps to shorten or give them more time before they degrade, it could also be spliced to eliminate introns.
- In the translation stage, the regulation occurs during the initiation through a scanning procedure that ensures the 40s ribosomal subunit bind correctly to the untranslated portion of RNA
Hope this information is useful to you!
<u>Answer:</u>
Cyanobacteria start producing pure oxygen around 200 million years ago.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Many scientists believed that Earth did not have any oxygen. Cyanobacteria or the blue green algae are the microbes which produced oxygen for the first time with the help of photosynthesis. This was around 4.5 billion years ago: after Hadean eon.
They were very simple, but they produced oxygen in the early earth’s atmosphere. So, they brought evolution on earth. This “blue-green algae” exists in salt water, rocks and soils and play a major role in maintaining the ecosystem.
