Answer:
affect nominal but not real variables. This view that money is ultimately neutral is consistent with classical theory.
Explanation:
This idea is held by classical economists (not by most economists) since they believe in the quantitative theory of money:
MV = PQ
- M = quantity of money
- V = velocity of money
- P = price level
- Q = quantity of goods
Classical theory was abandoned 90 years ago (according to classical theory, recessions were not possible and couldn't exist, but then the Great Depression came and the impossible became true). Neo-classical or monetarists appeared in the 1960s, and lately, neo-neo-classical appeared with George W. Bush. The problem with the quantitative theory is that it needs the following things to be true in order to hold, and empirical evidence over the last 90 years showed that none of them are true:
- the velocity of money has to be constant (AND IT IS NOT CONSTANT)
- real output is independent on money supply (NOT TRUE)
- causation goes from money to prices (MODERN ECONOMISTS BELIEVE IT IS THE OTHER WAY)
<span>Belarus and central European Russia had very long growing season, but
they had acidic podzol soils that limit
farm output</span><span>. Three environments influence agriculture in
this region</span><span>, Poor soils, cold temps, forests north of Moscow and St. Petersburg. </span>Soils support
commercial wheat, corn, sugar, beets, meat production.
D) a Japanese stores selling tea and spices from South Asia
Answer:
It is used by Fed to manage the economy by increasing or decreasing the amount of loans being made
Explanation:
The Fed decides on required reserve ratio for the banks and other financial institutions; t can lower or raise it. Reserve ratio is the portion of all the money that bank are required to sets aside and hold onto; this means they are not allowed to lend that out to borrowers. This is a technique that is used to control the supply of money in the economy. By decreasing this ratio, banks will have more money to lend out and vice versa.
Stephanie's marginal tax rate is 15%.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The Average tax rate is 8%
she pays $3.75 as the tax on $25 which makes tax rate at this point =3.75/25
= 15%
The Marginal tax rate is the percentage of income that has to be paid as tax as a result of a change in the income bracket.
For instance, if tax rate until $1-$1000 is 10%
and for $1000 and above is 20%.
So for every $ earned over and above $1000.The marginal tax rate for that sum is 20%.
