Answer:
Explanation: The cell wall surrounds the plasma membrane of plant cells and provides tensile strength and protection against mechanical and osmotic stress. It also allows cells to develop turgor pressure, which is the pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall.
The answer is that the equatorial regions receive sun rays closest to the vertical (direct rays) because of their position relative to the equator where the tilting of the earth only mildly affects the climate. The climate along the equator changes very little through out the year and has summer like conditions for most of the year.
However the other regions may receive direct sun rays but for far more limited periods. In the months of July and August (summer months), the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun and receives the most direct rays. The opposite occurs in December and January when it is tilted away from the sun and thus winter sets in, whereas the southern hemisphere is at this time tilted toward the sun and receives the most direct sun rays.
Answer:
Option (4).
Explanation:
Phosphatidylinositol4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is the phospholipid present in plasma membrane. This lipid is important for the cell communication and cell signalling process.
The PIP2 can cleave and give two main products are DAG (diacylglycerol) and IP3 ( inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate). These two molecules are important for the cell signalling.
Thus, the correct answer is option (4).
Carbon sinks (the ocean is actually the largest carbon sink)
Half life formula
The number of unstable nuclei remaining after time t can be determined according to this equation:
N(t) = N(0) * 0.5^(t/T)
where:
N(t) is the remaining quantity of a substance after time t has elapsed.
N(0) is the initial quantity of this substance.
T is the half-life.
It is also possible to determine the remaining quantity of a substance using a few other parameters:
N(t) = N(0) * e^(-t/τ)
N(t) = N(0) * e^(-λt)
τ is the mean lifetime - the average amount of time a nucleus remains intact.
λ is the decay constant (rate of decay).
All three of the parameters characterizing a substance's radioactivity are related in the following way:
T = ln(2)/λ = ln(2)*τ
How to calculate the half life
Determine the initial amount of a substance. For example, N(0) = 2.5 kg.
Determine the final amount of a substance - for instance, N(t) = 2.1 kg.
Measure how long it took for that amount of material to decay. In our experiment, we observed that it took 5 minutes.
Input these values into our half life calculator. It will compute a result for you instantaneously - in this case, the half life is equal to 19.88 minutes.
If you are not certain that our calculator returned the correct result, you can always check it using the half life formula.
