If the angle is either 0 or 180, that means that there is either negative or positive work, so A and D are not correct.
If the angle is 45, then there is still some work involved.
The only option where there is no work done by a force is B. when the angle is between the force and displacement is 90.
An ion has a positive or negative charge. While a covalent bond always has no charge, meaning it is neutral.
Answer:J.J. Thomson, he was using a high-vacuum cathode-ray tube
Explanation:(I Googled it)