Symptoms usually appear 30–60 minutes after eating toxic shellfish and includenumbness and tingling of the face, lips, tongue, arms, and legs. There may beheadache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Viruses belonging to (+) ssRNA Tymoviridae and Tenuivirus are able to infect invertebrates and plants [15]. There are some virus families that have diverse host ranges. The Reoviridae (dsRNA) family includes viruses that infect vertebrates, vertebrates and invertebrates, or plants and invertebrates.
The cane toad was a failure as a biological control method in Australia because:
-The greyback beetle it was supposed to be eating fed at the top of the sugarcane stalks (which were 6-8 meters in height). Cane toads cannot fly or climb and therefore couldnt feed on the beetles.
-The beetles were out during the daytime, and cane toads feed at night.
-The two species are not seasonally compatible (aren't in the same place at the same time of year).
-The toads needed moist conditions to survive, and so moved away from where they were supposed to be.
-The cane toad eats many native species and often out-competes native species for food and breeding sites, leading to the decline of natives.
-Breeding habits made the cane toads a very invasive species.
Dominance involves one allele masking another at the same locus whereas epistasis involves one locus masking a different locus.
Explanation:
Epistasis is a type of gene interaction in which one gene masks or modifies the expression of another gene at a distinct locus.
Dominance refers to the gene interaction in which one allele of a given gene masks the expression of another alllele of same gene.
The comparison of dominance and epistasis give the following information:
- Dominance involves allelic suppression while epistasis involves non-allelic suppression.
- Dominance involves a single pair of alleles while epistasis involves two pairs of allele.
- In dominance, the expression of recessive allele is suppressed while in epistasis, either recessive or dominant non allele is suppressed.
- The effect of dominance is due to the dominant allele while epistasis may be due to dominant or recessive allele.
