The first option is correct (invasive species are harmful to biodiversity not beneficial)
-The number of B cells producing the antibody is proportional to the concentration of that antibody.
-On day 16, one out of 100000 B cells are specific for antigen A
\frac{1}{100000} = 1 x 10⁻⁵ B cells
- on day 16, Antibody concentration is 2 × 10¹= 20 Antibodies
- on day 36, antibody concentration 8 × 10³.= 8000
20 antibodies ------------ 1 x 10⁻⁵ B cells
8000 antibodies--------------x
x= (8000 x 1 x 10⁻⁵)/ 20
x= 4x10⁻³ or 1 in 250 are <span>B cells specific for antigen A</span>
Antibiotic used include kenamycin, ampicillin and tetracycline. This is useful to determine if and which bacteria took up the plasmid as they were supposed to during the process of recombination. Host bacteria are normally killed by these antibiotics. If the recombinant plasmids were taken up by the bacteria, plasmid may have contained a DNA gene for resisting the effects of one or more antibiotics. Host bacteria are placed in a growth medium containing an antibiotic to which they have a resistant gene in their recombinant plasmid DNA survivor. If they havent taken the plasmid they die.
Answer:
The most accepted theory about the origin of Earth is that it formed by a process called planetary accretion
Explanation:
The most accepted theory about the origin of Earth is that it formed by a process called planetary accretion. In this process, the Earth is believed to have been formed from a cloud of gas and dust that remained following the Sun's formation. This cloud of gas and dust is referred to as the solar nebula.
Differentiation refers to the process by which the various layers of the earth were formed; core, mantle, and crust
A- cell membrane
B- nucleus
C- cytoplasm
D- mitochondrion
E- ribosomes