Answer:
Deletion mutation usually takes place due to the errors in the process of DNA replication . DNA polymerase slips off on the template strand due to which that part of the DNA is not coded in the daughter strand.
It can skip from one nucleotide (point mutation) to an entire gene. Point deletion can result in frame-shift mutation if it takes place in the beginning or middle of the gene. However, if it takes place at the end of the gene then it may cause no harm.
For example, let us assume the original sequence of DNA as ATG-AGT-CGT-ATA-TAA. It will result in the formation of methionine, serine, arginine, isoleucine, and STOP codon.
Point deletion at the end of the gene results in ATG-AGC-GTA-TAT-AA sequence. Now it will code for methionine, serine, valine, and tyrosine as AA will not code for anything. Hence, the sequence of the protein remains the same.
Hence, if deletion mutation takes place at the last or stop codon of the gene then it will cause no harm or change in the protein sequence. However, if it takes place before that then it may result in frame-shift mutation and thus a mutated protein.
Answer:
Complementation.
Explanation:
Genetics can be defined as the scientific study of hereditary in living organisms such as humans, animals and plants.
A trait refers to the specific features or characteristics possessed by a living organism. It is essentially transferred from the parent of a living organism to her offspring and as such distinguishes him or her. Some examples of traits in genetics are colorblindness, handedness, curly hair, height, complexion, weight, hair color, dimples, tongue-roll, etc.
Artificial selection is also known as selective breeding and it is a process that involves humans (breeders) selecting the animal or plant with desirable traits in order to reproduce favorable offspring having phenotypic traits.
Complementation can be defined as a relationship between two strains of a living organism both having distinct homo-zygous recessive mutations and results in the expression of a wild-type phenotype when crossed or mated.
In this scenario, there are two different varieties of a snapdragon flower having golden leaves rather than green leaves. Thus, crossing two different varieties of golden snapdragons would produce offsprings that have green leaves.
Hence, the above breeding is an example of complementation.
Answer:
A. BY, or YB
Explanation:
This question is depicting a phenomenon in inheritance called CODOMINANCE, which is a type of non-mendelian inheritance in which two alleles of a gene both express themselves in that gene. In this question, the allele for blue color (B) is codominant with the allele for yellow color (Y).
This means that an individual that has a blue phenotype will possess the genotype BB while an individual that has a yellow phenotype will possess the genotype YY. Hence, in an heterozygous state in which both alleles combine to produce a simultaneous blue and yellow phenotype, the genotype will be BY or YB.
Explanation:
Before a chemical reaction, the elements and compounds which are about to take part in the reaction are known as reactants.
And, when the chemical reaction takes place between the given elements and compounds then they change into products.
For example, we take sodium and chlorine elements and before any chemical reaction they are the reactants.
But when a chemical reaction takes place between sodium and chlorine then it results into the formation of sodium chloride which is the product.
