Answer:
Gamma rays can induce clustered damages in DNA in solution, and high-energy iron ions produce DSBs and oxidized pyrimidine clusters in human cells, but it was not known whether sparsely ionizing radiation can produce clustered damages in mammalian cells.Explanation:
Answer:
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Answer:
In the light-independent reactions, the plant starts with carbon dioxide and ends up with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). It uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions as energy sources
Explanation:
<em>Step 1:</em> CO₂ adds to ribulose biphosphate (RBP) to form a six-carbon sugar that immediately decomposes into two molecules of 3-phosphopglycerate (3-PGA).
CO₂ + RBP ⟶ 2 3-PGA
<em>Step 2</em>. A phosphate group adds to the 3-PGA to form 1,3-biphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG).
3-PGA + ATP ⟶ 1,3-BPG + ADP
<em>Step 3</em>. NADPH reduces the 1,3-BPG to G3P
1,3-BPG + NADPH ⟶ G3P + NADP⁺
Most of the G3P is regenerated into RBP, but some leaves the cycle to become glucose.
Answer:
Independent Variable: different types of cancer drugs
Dependent Variable: tumor size
Constants: gender of patient, (type of cancer/tumor perhaps)
Explanation:
The independent variable will always be what modifies the dependent variable to change. In this case, it is the different types of cancer drugs modifying the size of the tumor in the patients. Dependent variables are what get changed based off of what it is being modified by. The constants should be what stays the same throughout the experiment, or else it won't be a consistent one.