Question

Presidents can avoid congressional oversight of the exercise of the foreign policy powers by entering into arrangements with foreign nations that do not require the advice and consent of the senate. these accords are known as

Answer 1

The agreement that president enters which does not require the consent of the Senate are referred to as executive agreement. 
The officer who presides over Senate when vice president is not present is president of pro tempore and he should be an officer who is chosen by members of Senate. Advises and consent is when the Senate approves the presidential nominees to cabinet members or courts.
The Senate power of consent and advice does not apply to executive orders. Legislative process and a house of representative they approve a bill to become a law.