Correct answer: Sputnik
Explanation: In October of 1957, Sputnik was launched by the Soviet Union. This event set of the space race and the US worked hard to educate students on math and sciences to help fight the Soviets.
The Thirteenth Amendment(Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. In Congress, it was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, and by the House on January 31, 1865. ... On April 8, 1864, the Senate passed an amendment to abolish slavery.
This treaty, signed on February 2, 1848, ended the war between the United States and Mexico. By its terms, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, including parts of present-day Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States.