Answer: the invention of cotton gin
Explanation:The cotton gin refers to a a machine that sets aside cotton fibers from their seeds. Therefore, the invention of the cotton gin transformed the cotton industry in the United States and demanded cheap labor force, which led to the rise of slavery in the South and to the American Civil War later.
I would say rome since it was the beginning of the Republic before the punic wars began
The injustice of illegal quartering during the Revolutionary War led to the passage of the Third Amendment to the Constitution which states that: "No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law."
Americans, still upset at the quartering of soldiers in their homes, wanted to ensure that future Americans would never have to endure the same again.
The Umayyads were unable to conquer the nascent Christian Kingdoms in the North which included but were not limited to: Leon, Castille, the Basque Territories, and the Catalonian Counties. In addition, the Umayyads were not able to prevent the fragmentation of their territory into the Taifa Kingdoms in 1038.