The primary driving force that stabilizes lipid bilayers is the formation of hydrophobic bonds between fatty acid chains in phospholipids and protein.
The cell membrane is made up of phospolipid bilayer with proteins embedded in between
Lipid bilayer is the structure present in the biological membrane. It consist of two layers of lipids with hydrophilic end facing each other and hydrophobic end facing the outer side.
the inner layer has both the hydrophobic end of the lipid molecules facing each other and bonded by hydrophobic bond van der waals forces.
The outer molecules are bonded with the protein molecules through hydrophilic bonds called hydrogen bonds.
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In cellular respiration, the cells take the carbohydrates in and through complex metabolic processes, they break them down and release the energy.
Answer:
Hotspot
Explanation:
Volcanoes can form in three different places: a convergent boundary, a divergent boundary, or a hot spot.
-At a convergent plate boundary, two plates collide and form a subduction zone. In the subduction zone, the denser, heavier plate goes below the more buoyant plate. The plate that goes under is subjected to immense heat and pressure and melts to form magma. This magma is less dense than the surrounding solid rock and rises to the surface through cracks in the plates to form a volcano.
- Volcanoes will form along divergent plate boundaries. A divergent boundary is when the plates move apart from each other. When the plates part, magma from under either plate rises and forms a volcano.
-A hotspot is the third place a volcano can form. This particular type is the least common. Hot spots are when thermal plumes from deep in the Earth rises. This heat, combined with the lower pressure at the bottom of the lithosphere, causes magma to form. The magma, as we discussed, is less dense than the surrounding solid crust and rises to the surface through cracks and channels and then erupts at the surface to form a volcano.
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