Answer:
Averaging the fitness of its members.
Explanation:
The fitness of a whole population can also be determined by averaging the fitness of its members. Absolute fitness is the ratio between the number of individuals with a genotype before selection versus after selection. Fitness is usually discussed in terms of genotypes, or collection of genes.
Answer:
C. Coupled reactions establish an electrochemical gradient across a membrane.
Explanation:
- During cellular respiration in mitochondria, and during photosynthesis in chloroplasts, the electron transport chain requires a proton gradient to pump protons across the membrane by active transport.
- Protons flow back across the membrane by facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase, which utilizes them to phosphorylate ADP to ATP.
- This process of ATP synthesis by harnessing the elctrochemicaal gradient geenrated by the diffusion of protons across the biological membrane through ATP synthase is called chemiosmosis.
Natural gas (methane (CH4)) is the cleanest burning fuel<span>, emitting the smallest amount of carbon dioxide of all the </span>fossil fuels<span> (coal, oil and natural gas).</span>
Tcgatcctgaat
because when youre just dealing with dna a always pairs with t and g always with c,
