The answer is: figure out meaning based on what you already know and what the text says
To infer something from the passage, you need to read it and able to understand the meaning of the passage without actually put too much focus on the passage.
Passage inference could be considered as a reading skills. This usually tested when you do an SAT test to measure how much information you can gather from reading a certain text within a short period of time.
After Grendel's fight with Beowulf, in which Beowulf tears off Grendel's arm, ... In other words, the mother's attack on Heorot should be an expected consequence of Grendel's death. Had the Geats known Grendel's mother was nearby, they would have taken steps to protect themselves by killing her before they celebrated.
The character archetype that fits Theseus is the Hero. In the excerpt, he was able to defeat and kill the Minotaur.This "heroic feats of daring" made the Athenians free from their terrible sacrifices they did when they were still under King Minos.
D, all of the above; they are all correct.