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The purpose of mitosis is to create two new perfectly identical cells when either there is a need to replace old or damaged cells and to reproduce asexually by making new cells. Some organisms use mitosis to replace body parts. For example starfish replace lost arms by mitosis. Some organisms such as the hydra use mitosis to produce genetically identical offspring.
There are four stages of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
1) Prophase: chromatin into chromosomes, the nuclear envelope break down, chromosomes attach to spindle fibres by their centromeres
2) Metaphase: chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate (centre of the cell)
3) Anaphase: sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
4) Telophase: nuclear envelope reforms, chromosomes unfold into chromatin, cytokinesis can begin
● The order of the stages of mitosis can be remembered using the mnemonic PMAT.
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B.) crystallization. Igneous rocks turn into sediments through the process of crystallization.
Answer:
D) Each parent contributes one allele for this trait
Explanation:
All traits of individuals are determined by specific genes of that trait. For example, there is a certain gene for height, certain gene for eye color, face shape etc.
Genes are the units of hereditary, and for every trait there is one gene in every organism. However, one gene is present in two alternative forms called alleles in an organism. For example: There is a trait height, a person has two alleles for the height gene, one allele is for short height, and other allele is for tall height. The trait of tallness is dominant over the trait of shortness, Therefore, this person will have tall height.
Now the alleles are transmitted from parents to offspring. Every parent contributes one allele for a specific trait, in the process and transmit it to offspring.
The allele which will be dominant will be expressed while the one that is recessive will e suppressed.
Therefore, option D is the right answer.
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