Answer:Chromatography is actually a way of separating out a mixture of chemicals, which are in liquid or gas form, by letting them flow slowly past another substance, which is either a solid or a liquid. It consist of a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
Explanation: All chromatographic systems rely on the fact that a substance placed in contact with two unmixable phases, one movable phase and one stationary phase, will equilibrate between them. A selectivity (or separation) factor (α) is used to 'chemically' distinguish between sample components. It is usually measured as a ratio of the retention (capacity) factors (k) of the two peaks in question and can be visualized as the distance between the apices of the two peaks. reproducible fraction will partition into each phase, depending on the relative affinity of the substance for each phase. A substance which has affinity for the moving or mobile phase will be moved rapidly through the system. A material which has a stronger affinity for the stationary phase, on the other hand, will spend more time immobilized in that phase, and will take a longer time to pass through the system. Therefore, it will be separated from the first substance. By definition, chromatography is a separation technique in which a sample is equilibrated between a mobile and a stationary phase. A theoritical plate or tray is used to produces the best possible difference between the liquid and vapour phases in equilibrium with it
Chromatographic separations are best done with a small amount of analyte (substance to be separated during analysis), which keeps either phase from becoming saturated with analyte, so that the concentrations in the two phases are directly proportional. Overloading the column with sample causes one of the phases to become saturated, leading to a loss of column efficiency, and poorly shaped peak profiles.
The retention volume in chromatographic separation (Vr) is the volume of the mobile phase required to carry the solute through the column to elution, is related to the column flow (Fc) and the retention time (tr). Likewise, the volume of the mobile phase(Vm), is related to the flow and the time the void volume takes to pass through the column.
Band broadening using the kinetic model is a phenomenon that reduces the efficiency of the separation being carried out, leading to poor resolution and chromatographic performance. This is problematical in terms of both the quality of the separation obtained and the accuracy with which sample components can be quantified.The wider band results in a dilution effect that produces a decrease in peak height accompanied by a loss in sensitivity and resolution. The eddy dispersion, accounts for the source of band broadening related to any flow unevenness in the column.
The mass of one atom of carbon in the correct number of significant figures is 1.99×10-²³. There are four significant figures each in both the atomic mass of carbon (12.01 g) and Avogadro's number, so the answer must also have 4 significant figures. The operation is shown below:
<span>12.01 / (6.022x10²³) = 1.994x10</span>₋²³<u />
The goal of the Voyager project was A: to explore the moon.
Yes they do just like we do
The nervous system communicates through electrical impulses and the communication is very fast. It works in a relay fashion, from point to point comparable to the way the old telephones systems used to work.
The endocrine system communicates by chemical signals via the bloodstream. Hormones are secreted into the blood and extra cellular fluids, then transported to target cells, which must bear a receptor to be able to bind to a specific hormone, and respond.
Hormones are chemical messengers secreted into blood or extracellular fluid that affect the function of other cells.
Endocrine communication is not quite as fast as the nervous system communication
