Mecca was an important city for Arabs before Islam because Mecca was an important trading city and crossroads for travelers and tradable goods. There are historical accounts of goods being traded through Mecca from Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and other parts of Asia. Also Mecca was an important place for the camel trade and also for providing support for traders seeking safe passage through the Arabian Peninsula.
<span>Why Western cultures tend to have better economies due to having more natural resources and spread their technologies and products to other cultures.
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"Sumerian city-states fought each other" would be the best option from the list, since this internal division led to a collapse of power that left people without protection or a solid economy.
By an established system of checks and balances; the president's appointments and treaties have to be approved by the legislative branch.