Bacteria are single celled prokaryotic organisms. Prokaryotic means that they do not contain membrane-bound organelles. In simpler terms, they don't have cell parts within their cytoplasm. Bacteria are classified by their shape- round or cocci, rod or bacilli, and spiral or spirilla. Bacteria may also have long whip-like tails called flagella or be covered with small hair-like projections called cilia. Both structures are used for movement. Bacteria may have a cluster of free floating DNA in its cytoplasm called a nucleoid or they may have additional small rings of DNA called plasmids. Lastly, a bacterium have a cell wall made of a special compound called peptidoglycan which can provide an extra layer of protection from many environmental conditions.
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Explanation:
Each step of the energy transfer in an ecosystem is called the trophic level
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Through different studies scientist have quantified the amount of energy that moves to the next trophic level. Most of the energy is used for metabolic processes and released as heat to the environment.
The amount of energy left for the next level is around 10%, if a herbivore takes 1,OOO Kilojoules the energy left for the next level would be around 100 Kilojoules, this explains why you cannot find a food chain with more than 7-8 levels (ocean) on land is usually between 4-6 levels.
The answer is c. Adaptation
Adaptation is a physical characteristic that helps an organism survive in an environment. This help them survive in a natural selections.
The examples are :
- cactus that evolved to change its body structure to retain as much water as possible
- Bat that have adapted their hearing to hunt at night