Answer: Classical conditioning
Explanation:
Classical conditioning is defined as the learning mechanism in which pairing of two stimulus is done.A strong stimulus is combined with previously objective stimulus to make a relationship between them.
According to the question , crying of Brandon while seeing popping or bursting of balloon is the learned mechanism through classical conditioning .
Answer:
counterclaim
Explanation:
counterclaim is defensive process in which person or party made opposing claim. If one party file case against other it is called claim and if other party file case against first party to offset claim it is known as counterclaim. i-e if company A file claim that company B fraud in contract it is known as claim and similarly if company B files claim that Company A is responsible and made fraud it is known as counterclaim in legal action.
A binding authority does not include considering opinions of trusted newspaper.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Binding authority is a complete source of law that a judge must consider and evaluate while making decision for a case. The judge must make sure that he has followed or evaluated all the points that are assigned in the binding authority and only then he should conclude and make his decision.
But the judge must also not relay on the opinion of trusted newspaper and alter his decision according to that, so considering the opinion of trusted newspaper is not a policy that is included in the binding authority. So we can conclude that answer.
According to brutus, A confederation of small republics is more likely to preserve and protect personal liberties, because as the people are the sovereign, and their sentiments are communicated by themselves which is why it must be limited so that the people can conveniently assemble and debate.
- The large republics could cancel out the voices of the people and states and the authority of the states, because they are bigger in size and could gain more power and could infringe on state sovereignty, which would infringe on the peoples' liberties
Brutus favors a true confederation, which would be: a number of independent states entering , for conducting certain general concerns, in which they have a common interest, leaving the management of their internal and local affairs to go and their separate governments.
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Answer:
Solar energy from the Sun's rays is absorbed by the Earth's land and water surfaces.
