Answer: Columbus (to the Caribean, late 15th century), Cabot (North America, New Foundland), Vasco da Gama (early 16th century, along to the coast to west Africa to the southern hemispere and Cape of the Good Hope), Pizzaro was "conquistador" who explored and conquered Peru (Inka empire, western part of the South America).
Explanation: Columbus was Italian in the service of Spanish crown, Cabot was Italian as well in the service of English crown, Vasco da Gama was Portuguese in the service of Portuguese crown, Pizzaro was Spaniard in the service of Spanish crown.
The major downfall of the Articles of Confederation was simply weakness. The federal government, under the Articles, was too weak to enforce their laws and therefore had no power. The Continental Congress had borrowed money to fight the Revolutionary War and could not repay their debts
There are many important contributions of ancient Rome to modern western civilization, but perhaps the best option from this list is "A. <span>network of long-distance paved roads"</span>