Hey there,
Your question states: <span>How did the calculation of pi help mathematicians during the Gupta period?
My best guess that I would give would be the option B. </span><span>
The value of pi helped them explain that Earth is a rotating sphere. Because they used the </span>

to help them, just as we use that in math.
Hope this helps.
~Jurgen
B. Law enforcement as there are state agencies like DPS and federal like CIA/FBI
Answer:
His ears popping
Explanation:
Conditioned response: In psychology, the term "conditioned response" is described as one of the different parts in the "classical conditioning theory" and is also written as "CR". The theory of classical conditioning was determined by a psychologist named Ivan Pavlov while he was conducting a small experiment in his laboratory on dogs.
A conditioned response is referred to as an organism's behavior that doesn't come out naturally yet it can be leaned by the organisms via the pairing of a "neutral stimulus" with a "potent stimulus" or "unconditioned stimulus".
In the question above, the given statement signifies conditioned response as "his ear-popping".
Answer:
a. assimilate; accommodate.
Explanation:
In psychology, these two terms i.e, assimilation and accommodation was proposed by one of the famous psychologists named Jean Piaget in his theory of cognitive development.
Assimilation: It is defined as a way through which an individual tends to absorb new knowledge. According to Piaget, assimilation is described as one of the cognitive processes through which an individual takes a piece of new experience and information and then incorporate or fits them into his or her already existing world view or ideas.
Accommodation: According to Piaget, the term accommodation is described as a process through which it is being explained that what occurs when new experiences and information causes an individual to modify or alter his or her existing schemas. So, instead of making the new information to fit into his or her pre-existing schema, he or she changes the schema to accommodate the new experiences and information.
Answer:
Both were conquered by Spanish conquistadors