Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Given is a Differential equation as

To bring it to linear form we can divide the full equation by x

This is of the form
y'+p(x) *y = q(x)
p(x) = 1/x
So find

Solution is

Use the initial value as y(e) =1

So solution is

Answer: c ???????????????????
Step-by-step explanation:
D is a notation for differential. There is a d2 in your formula because in the numerator there are two differentials. The formula is thus the second derivative of a function with respect to two variables.
Answer:
See Explanation
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is incomplete, as there are no options to select from.
However, a general explanation is as follows.
Given

Required
Is
a correct expression?
Let


So:

becomes


Divide both sides by 2

Hence:
is incorrect