I have paired together the matching misconceptions and the explanations down below (please note that it is in the order misconception followed by explanation).
Explanation:
Biological evolution explains the origin of life.
Biological evolution did not begin until life existed.
Evolution occurs in order to help a species survive.
Evolution does not have a plan. New adaptations arise by mutations, which occur randomly.
Individuals can evolve.
Mechanisms of evolution may act on Individuals (or even on genes), but by definition evolution always occurs at the level of the population.
Beneficial traits acquired during an individual's life are passed to the next generation.
Acquired characteristics are not typically inherited.
All members of a population develop new traits simultaneously
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If an adaptation were to arise, then it would originate in a single individual, not in the entire population. The new trait would then be subject to natural selection.
Evolution and natural selection are the same thing.
Natural selection is one mechanism of evolution. Mutation, genetic drift, migration, and nonrandom mating are other mechanisms of evolution.
Evolution only happens when conditions change dramatically.
Minor changes in the environment may be sufficient to trigger selection for different traits.
An examination of a marine sea star that had died after it was mistakenly placed in freshwater would likely show that it died because<u> it was so hypertonic to the freshwater that it could not osmoregulate</u>