There is the bully. These people may be bullying the person right in front of them or behind their backs. They are the main abuser.
There is the one who is being bullied. These people are being picked on and abused. They do not fight back, if someone does fight back it's not necessarily bullying. They are the main victim.
There is the assister. These people don't start the bullying but they also bully the victim. They could encourage it or join it.
There are the reinforcements. They don't directly get involved with bullying, but are like an audience. They support the bully and cheer them on.
There are the outsiders. They stay away from the situation and do not defend the victim or support the bully.
There are the defenders. They come to the victim's defense and speak up for them, comfort them. They support the one who is being abused.
Answer:
B.Northern Securities controlled all freight service between Chicago and Los Angeles.
Explanation:
He knew what he wanted to do.
Answer: In differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA), it is possible for the problem behavior and reinforced behaviour to coexist while in differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI), it is not.
Explanation:
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) and differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) are both ways to reduce or eliminate unsatisfactory behavior. They aim to change behavior by substituting unwanted behavior with target behavior and removing the reinforcement of unwanted behavior
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The difference between DRA and DRI is the compatibility of the behavior that is being reinforced with the existing behavior. While DRA shows an alternative way to behave, DRI only reinforces behavior incompatible with the problem behavior. An example of DRA is is telling a student to raise her hand instead of shouting in class. Here, both of these behaviors are compatible. An example of DRI is telling a child who has a habit of talking while eating to do one or the other.
