Answer:
8. D
9. A
10. A
11. C
12. D
Explanation:
8. Natural selection works on variation that exists in the genes of organisms. Antelopes who have genetic variation that makes their legs more muscular are at an advantage because they can outrun predators. This increases the chance that they will reach reproductive age, and be able to pass this advantageous trait onto their offspring. Over time, this selection pressure makes the variant more common in a population.
9. Beneficial traits are those that give a selective advantage. This could be one that helps it outrun predators (like above), avoid illness and death, gives it a reproductive advantage (i.e. more attractive to mates), or makes it better able to digest certain foods, for example. The formation of cancer cells would be harmful for an organism, reducing its fitness and perhaps leading to death. The inability to reproduce would mean genetic info is not passed on to the next generation, and stopping the production of an essential protein would likely lead to death. However, resistance to a virus would help an organism avoid illness and death, improving fitness.
10. Genotypes are what organisms inherit from their parents, i.e. the genetic information that is passed on. However, the way in which different alleles interact and are expressed is the phenotype. If we take the above example, natural selection is acting on the phenotype of muscular legs. If an antelope had the muscular leg genotype but for some reason it was not being expressed (maybe another gene is interfering with it), then the antelope would not have a selective advantage, and natural selection could not be act on the trait.
11. A trait that better suits an organism to its environment will be selected for by natural selection. This is because that organism is more likely to survive due to the trait, giving it a selective advantage. Therefore, if a mutation arose making the giraffe more adapted to the environment, it would be positively selected for, and through evolution would become more common.
12. This is an example of selective breeding, which has been happening for generations. Farmers spot desirable traits, and cross horses with these traits in an attempt to enhance the trait or to ensure it is passed on to the next generation. This is not natural selection, because farmers are making it happen artificially. It is not cloning or recombinant DNA, which are terms scientists use for actually manipulating the DNA in the lab.
In my opinion, chloroplasts and mitochondria can't live outside the cell now because mitochondria ensure the energy for the cell and the chloroplasts is important for photosynthesis. Just my opinion.
Answer: Option D.
It is an evidence -based report.
Explanation:
An evidence based report is a report that is written based on scientific evidence to draw out conclusion or arguments for guidance and decision making for the people.
The article that was written, was base on some scientific proof that vegetables lack some nutrients. The vegetables have been analyzed and the constituents have been known. Conclusion was arrived at the Americans need to take dietary supplements to meet up with the daily nutrients requirements while taking vegetables.
Answer:
D: Black hole
Explanation:
The formation and life cycle of stars
A nebula. A star forms from massive clouds of dust and gas in space, also known as a nebula. ...
Protostar. As the mass falls together it gets hot. ...
Main sequence star. ...
Red giant star. ...
White dwarf. ...
Supernova. ...
A neutron star or black hole.
