<u>Answer:</u> The theoretical yield of water is 1.18 grams
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
.....(1)
Given mass of butane = 5.23 g
Molar mass of butane = 58.12 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
Given mass of oxygen gas = 27.1 g
Molar mass of oxygen gas = 32 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
The chemical equation for the reaction of butane and oxygen gas follows:
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
13 moles of oxygen gas reacts with 2 moles of butane
So, 0.085 moles of oxygen gas will react with = of butane
As, given amount of butane is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, oxygen gas is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
13 moles of oxygen gas produces 10 moles of water
So, 0.085 moles of oxygen gas will produce = of water
Now, calculating the mass of water from equation 1, we get:
Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol
Moles of water = 0.0654 moles
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
Hence, the theoretical yield of water is 1.18 grams