Answer:
Aspirin works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins. Aspirin inhibits the formation of prostaglandins by combining with the COX enzymes. Prostaglandins function as messenger molecules to monitor different physiological procedures in distinct regions of the body. One of the prime activities of prostaglandins is to stimulate inflammation and pain.
Prostaglandins are also the essential controller of platelet aggregation. By changing the COX enzymes inside the platelets, aspirin makes platelets to lose the stickiness, which is required to instigate clotting of blood.
There are two forms of cyclooxygenase, that is, COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 generates prostaglandins and COX-2 mediates pain and swelling in response to tissue injury. Aspirin prevents both COX-1 and COX-2 functioning, while COX-2 is the therapeutic target of the drug.
However, it is the association of aspirin with COX-1 in the gastrointestinal tract, which results in the unwanted side effects of the drug. COX-1 is required to sustain a thick lining of the stomach. As aspirin inhibits the COX-1 enzyme, thus, the continuous use of the drug can result in the thinning of mucus, which safeguards the stomach from gastric juices.
In such cases, stomach bleeding, ulcers, and in certain situations perforation of the stomach can take place. Therefore, aspirin exhibits both bad and good effects.
Answer:
Osteoclast break down the calcified extra-cellular matrix. They secrete an acid that dissolves the inorganic component of the calcified matrix. After the osteoclasts remove the extra cellular matrix, osteoblasts deposit new bone tissue.
Explanation:
Answer:
The result of the following cross indicates the orange eyes are recessive to black eyes
Explanation:
<em>According to Mendel, a cross involving two individuals that are heterozygous for a dominant trait will yield offspring in the phenotype ratio 3:1 with the dominant trait accounting for about 75% of the phenotype and the recessive trait accounting for the remaining 25%.</em>
In this case, black eye colour phenotype is 247 while orange eye colour phenotype is 86.
Calculating the percentage for each trait
Black eye = 247/333 x 100% = 74.1%
Orange eye = 86/333 x 100% = 25.8%
74.1:25.8 is approximately 3:1
<em>Hence, it is obvious that the orange eyes are recessive while the black eyes are dominant. </em>
