In the Europe of 1800's, the beliefs displayed in this question could be labeled as follows:
Conservative: The government should be led by a monarch with legitimacy from God; the government should mantain stability through a social class system. The explanation is that, those who call themselfs conservatives do so because they are in favor to keep things the way they are, manteining the status quo; the type of government that ruled Europe in 1800 was the monarchy, and they believed that stability could be reached by a social class system, the royal family and the plebeians.
Liberal: People should be able to work their way up the social ladder; the government should emphasize citizens' rights as listed in a constitution. Liberals, in general, believe and praise freedom for all people, and often the government's intervention in society is questioned; some say that the government's role should be smaller, intervening only in crucial questions, like the assurance of rights, while others believe that the government should have a central power figure.
political independence from Europe
Aurelius killed Christians, while Pius was good to his people and kept peace and this was the way Marcus Aurelius and Antoninus Pius differed from each other. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the third option. I hope this is the answer you were looking for and it has helped you.
The Kingdom of Ancient Israel
He and his son, Solomon, established their capital at Jerusalem, which also became the chief center of the Israelite religion after Solomon built the only permitted temple there.
