Answer: (C) A hot spot
Explanation:
A hot spot is created in the volcanic peaks and it is basically developed over the plume. The mantle plumes are the areas of the up-welling and the hot mantle areas. Magma created by the problem area ascends through the unbending plates in the lithosphere layer.
It produces the dynamic volcano at the surface of the earth. In the mantle area, the hot spot are generated in which the rocks are get melted for generating the magma. The hot spot generated the heat are basically comes from the middle of the earth.
The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. The Earth's lithosphere is composed of seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where the plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary: convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The relative movement of the plates typically ranges from zero to 100 mm annually.[2]
Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the lithosphere remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories, since disproven, proposed gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.[3]
Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.
The fossil range can simply be defined as the time period in which an organism has existed, thus left fossil traces of its existence. The fossil range can be very short, medium, or long, thus usually there are limitations before certain type of organism evolves into another species, thus eliminating the ancestral organism from the fossil records. On the other hand, there are organisms that have incredibly big fossil ranges of several hundred million years, and since they emerged, they have remained almost unchanged. Those kind of fossil ranges are very rare though, and they don't represent the general picture. Most of the fossil ranges are between several thousand years and several million years, as that is usually how much a species exists, ending its reign, be it because of competition, changes in the environment, or big natural disaster.
No some just have a jurrasicly hot yemperature
Coral reefs are a very important component of the ocean’s ecosystem because they support sea life, such as crabs and sea turtles. in fact, over four thousand species depend on the survival of the reefs, which are being destroyed by bleaching. more must be done immediately to save the reefs.
development along the coastal regions has significant negative effects on coral reefs. the reefs are an essential part of the ocean’s ecosystem, and when people build structures on top of them, they are easily damaged because they are so fragile.
