Occurs naturally on earth
Answer:
Adaptive defenses include both humoral and cellular immunity.
Explanation:
The innate immune response is the non-specific immune response and serves to provide an immediate and general immune response. The adaptive immune responses are the specific immune responses. Adaptive immune responses include cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity includes T cells (cytotoxic and helper T cells) while antibody-mediated immunity includes the production of antibodies from B cells. Binding of antigen to B cells is followed by their transformation into plasma cells and produce antibodies. Some of the activated B cells form memory B cells that are responsible for quicker and strong secondary immune responses.
Answer:
Glycolysis produces pyruvate, ATP, and NADPH by oxidizing glucose. During cellular respiration, glucose combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.
Explanation:
An aneurysm that divides the three layers of the artery wall, as opposed to inflating out the entire wall, is known as a dissecting aneurysm.
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What causes an aneurysm to form?</h3>
Multiple circumstances that lead to the breakdown of the well-organized structural elements (proteins) of the aortic wall, which maintain and stabilize the wall, can result in an aneurysm. Uncertainty surrounds the precise cause. Aneurysmal disease is thought to be significantly influenced by atherosclerosis, which is the hardening of the arteries with plaque.
Surgical intervention can be required since an aneurysm may continue to grow in size and the arterial wall may deteriorate over time. One of the objectives of therapy is to prevent aneurysm rupture. The risk of an aneurysm rupturing increases with its size (bursting). A rupture could lead to fatal hemorrhage (uncontrolled bleeding), which is life-threatening.
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