The Chinese worked on railroads when they migrated to america
The answer is by rejecting papal authority over the community of believers.
Martin Luther wrote his 95 theses criticizing the Catholic Church and their practices. One of the biggest complaints he had was the church's use of indulgences. This is when an individual could pay the church in order to be forgiven for their sins. This is why he rejected the authority of the pope over the citizens, as he believed the corruption within the church was unethical.
The answer to this question is 1931.
After 1877 racial segregation became widespread in the South primarily as a result of the black codes that were issues despite efforts made under Reconstruction laws. <span />