Penalties for violating antitrust laws include criminal and civil penalties:
Violations of the Sherman Act individuals can be fined up to $350,000 and sentenced to up to 3 years in prison. Companies can be fined up to $10 million.
Violations of the Clayton Act individuals injured by antitrust violations can sue the violators in court for three times the amount of damages actually suffered. These are known as treble-damages, and can also be sought in class-action antitrust lawsuits. Damages also include attorneys' fees and other litigation costs.
Violations of the Federal Trade Commission Act the FTC has the authority to issue an order that the violator stop its anticompetitive practices.
Violations of state antitrust laws state antitrust laws often prohibit the same kinds of conduct as the federal antitrust laws. As a result, the penalties state laws impose are also similar and can range from criminal to civil sanctions.
Superfluous causes under Newton's philosophy are originated when trying to explain more than there is to be explained.
Under<em> Newton's Rules of Reasoning on Philosophy</em>, his first rule states that:
- <u>"We are to admit </u><u>no more causes of natural things</u><u> than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances."</u>
This rule eliminates unnecessary information about a theory, <em>(unnecessary aspects are the same as superfluous causes), </em>there is no need to make something more complicated than it is, the simpler the better, and when more information is added more information will be in vain, since "nature is pleased with simplicity".
the answer is B. Kings on earth rule with gods authority.